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Deperdussin Monocoque
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The Deperdussin Monocoque was an early racing aircraft built in 1912 by the Aéroplanes Deperdussin, a French aircraft manufacturer started in 1911 and reorganized as the Société Pour L'Aviation et ses Dérivés (SPAD) in 1913. It is so named because of the method of construction of its fuselage. The aircraft is noted for winning the Gordon Bennett Trophy in 1912 and 1913, and for raising the world speed record for aircraft to .
==Background==
The first use of monocoque construction in aviation is attributed to Eugene Ruchonnet, a Swiss marine engineer who had built an aircraft nicknamed the ''Cigare'' in 1911,〔Hallion, Kenneth ''Taking Flight'' New York, Oxford University Press, 2003 p. 319 ISBN 0-19-516035-5〕 which had a fuselage constructed by building up several layers of thin wood, each lamination being applied at right angle to the one underneath. The usual method of construction of an aircraft's fuselage at this time was to use a wire braced box-girder covered in fabric. Ruchonnet's technique, in which the outer surface of the structure is load-bearing, would become the usual method of aircraft construction.
The Deperdussin Monocoque was a development of an earlier racing aircraft designed by Louis Béchereau which was first flown at the end of 1911 and was the first aircraft to exceed 100 mph in level flight. This aircraft made partial use of the monocoque technique, with a pair of curved load-bearing shells used in conjunction with a conventional wooden box-girder fuselage.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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